Independent salary reference. Every apprentice rate on this page is read off a named, linked, in-force wage schedule.
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2026 Year-One PayPublished UA Ladders

First-Year Apprentice Pay 2026:
$19.00 to $22.95 an Hour

Updated 27 September 2026 | Rates read off Local 130 appendix C and the NYC Comptroller apprentice schedule

First-year apprentice pay is quoted loosely everywhere, usually as a percentage of journeyman scale. Two large UA Locals publish their full apprentice ladder, so we can stop estimating: in Chicago the first period is $21.10 an hour and in New York it is $19.00. Both are well below the 40 to 50 percent of journeyman scale the figure is usually reported at.

Chicago Local 130, 1st period

$21.10

NYC Local 1, 1st period

$19.00

Year one at 2,080 hrs

$41,600 to $45,800

% of journeyman wage

26-36%

Section 01

Year One on the Published Ladders

Both of these Locals split year one into two six-month steps, so an apprentice works half the year at each rate. The annual column is the average of the two steps at 2,080 hours, and nothing else: no overtime, no shift premium, no assumption about hours actually offered.

LocalMonths 1-6Months 7-12Year one at 2,080 hrsJourneyman wage% of journeyman
UA Local 130 (Chicago, IL)$21.10$22.95$45,800$62.0036%
UA Local 1 (New York City, NY)$19.00$21.00$41,600$78.0526%
  • UA Local 130 (Chicago, IL): Plumbers Local 130 UA, PCA wage rate sheet, appendix C, 1 Jun 2026 to 31 May 2027.
  • UA Local 1 (New York City, NY): NYC Comptroller, Construction apprentice prevailing wage schedule, 1 Jul 2026 to 30 Jun 2027.
  • Wage only. Employer contributions to the welfare, pension and training funds are paid on top and are set out in the next section; they do not reach the apprentice as pay.
  • Only Locals that publish a full apprentice ladder are listed. Most do not, and a state without a prevailing-wage law often has no published apprentice rate at all. Absence from this table says nothing about pay in that state.

Section 02

What the Ladder Actually Looks Like

The UA Joint Apprenticeship Training Committee (JATC) runs the apprenticeship inside each Local, but there is no national UA wage ladder. Each Local negotiates its own, and they differ enough that a percentage quoted from one Local is worthless applied to another. The two published here run five years and step twice in year one, then annually.

The rule of thumb that apprentices start at 40 to 50 percent of journeyman scale does not survive contact with either sheet. Local 130 Chicago opens at $21.10 against a journeyman wage of $62.00, which is 34 percent. Local 1 NYC opens at $19.00 against $78.05, which is 24 percent. Both ladders are back-loaded: the Chicago apprentice is still only at 50 percent in year three, then jumps to 66 percent in year four.

The claim that apprentices receive the full journeyman benefits package from day one is also wrong, and it is worth being precise about because it is repeated constantly. Apprentices are covered from day one, and they pay nothing toward that cover. But the contributions step up with the ladder rather than starting at journeyman level. On Local 130 appendix C a first-period apprentice attracts a welfare contribution of $13.15 an hour against a journeyman's $18.15, and no pension and no pension defined-contribution at all. Pension starts in year two at $7.00, and only reaches the journeyman's $12.00 in year four. NYC is starker still: the first-period supplemental benefit rate is $5.43 an hour against a journeyman's $46.40.

Classroom instruction is funded by the training contribution, which on the Local 130 sheet is the $2.17 an hour JAC line, paid at the same rate for apprentices as for journeymen. Local 130 also notes that no employer contributions are required for an apprentice on an assigned school day, though payroll deductions still are. The apprentice pays no tuition and finishes with no course debt; that part of the earn-while-you-learn case holds up on the document.

Section 03

What a First-Year Apprentice Actually Does

The misconception is that an apprentice immediately starts installing pipe. The reality is that year-one apprentice work is mostly assisting and learning, with progressively more hands-on installation as the year develops.

Morning of a typical first-year apprentice day on a commercial new-construction job: the journeyman tells the apprentice what materials and tools will be needed for the day's tasks. The apprentice goes to the gang box and the material lay-down area, pulls the right fittings, valves, pipe lengths, hangers, and tools, and stages them at the work area. While the journeyman starts work, the apprentice watches, hands tools, and learns the sequence. Mid-morning the apprentice may start cutting and beveling pipe under the journeyman's eye, then progress to threading or soldering smaller joints. By afternoon the apprentice may be doing routine work (running 1/2 inch supply lines to fixtures) while the journeyman handles harder work nearby.

Classroom evenings during year one cover: plumbing code basics (the local plumbing code, often Uniform Plumbing Code or International Plumbing Code), basic safety (OSHA-10, fall protection, confined space), plumbing math (slope calculations, pipe sizing, pressure drop, water hammer), trade history, and tool fundamentals (the names, uses, and safety of every tool the apprentice will use). The classroom load is typically 4 to 6 hours per week, scheduled around the OJT week.

The apprentice cannot legally pull permits, sign off on work, or work independently. The work is always under the supervision of a journeyman or master in the apprentice's first year. By year three the apprentice is typically handling simple jobs solo with periodic check-ins; by year five the apprentice is essentially functioning as a journeyman pending the exam.

Section 04

Five Years on One Published Ladder

Local 130 publishes all six apprentice steps, so the whole apprenticeship can be laid out without estimating anything. Every wage below is off appendix C. The annual columns are that hourly rate times 2,080 and rounded to the nearest hundred. Year one blends the two six-month steps.

StepHourly wageWage at 2,080 hrsEmployer contributionsNote
Year 1$21.10 then $22.95$45,800$31,900Two six-month steps, so the annual figure is the average
Year 2$27.30$56,800$57,300Pension contributions start
Year 3$31.00$64,500$57,300
Year 4$40.90$85,100$78,700Welfare and pension reach journeyman level
Year 5$46.50$96,700$78,700
Five-year total$348,900$303,900

Source: Plumbers Local 130 UA, PCA wage rate sheet, appendix C, 1 Jun 2026 to 31 May 2027. Employer contributions are the welfare, pension, pension defined-contribution, JAC and industry-fund lines added together. They are paid into those funds, not to the apprentice, and the dues, target, building and PAC lines on the same sheet are deductions from the member and are excluded.

Two things stand out against the way apprentice pay is usually pitched. The first is that year one is modest: $45,800 of wages in one of the best-paid union markets in the country. The second is that the back half carries the programme. The step from year three to year four is worth almost $20,600 of annual wage on its own, and it is also where welfare and pension contributions reach journeyman level.

Against a four-year degree the five-year cash position is clearly better: $348,900 earned rather than tuition paid, and no course debt, because the training contribution carries the classroom. What that comparison cannot tell you is the lifetime figure, which depends on the degree, the career and the market, and it assumes you get one of a small number of Local 130 apprentice places to begin with. Places are competitive and intake is not annual in every Local.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does a first-year plumber apprentice make?
On the two UA Local scales published in full for 2026, a first-year apprentice earns $19.00 per hour rising to $21.00 at six months in New York (Plumbers Local 1, NYC Comptroller construction apprentice schedule, 1 July 2026 to 30 June 2027), and $21.10 rising to $22.95 at six months in Chicago (Plumbers Local 130 UA, PCA appendix C, 1 June 2026 to 31 May 2027). At 2,080 hours that is roughly $41,600 and $45,800 for the year. These are the published union rates in two of the strongest union markets in the country; a non-union first-year apprentice has no published scale at all, because non-union pay is set employer by employer.
What percentage of journeyman scale do first-year apprentices earn?
Less than the commonly quoted 40 to 50 percent. There is no national UA percentage schedule; each Local sets its own ladder in its Collective Bargaining Agreement. Plumbers Local 130 Chicago starts apprentices at $21.10 against a journeyman wage of $62.00, which is 34 percent, and averages 36 percent across the first year. Plumbers Local 1 NYC starts at $19.00 against a journeyman wage of $78.05, which is 24 percent, and averages 26 percent across the first year. Both ladders back-load: Local 130 apprentices reach $46.50, or 75 percent of journeyman wage, in year five.
Do apprentices get full benefits from day one?
No, and this is widely misstated. Apprentices are covered from day one, but at reduced contribution rates that step up over the apprenticeship, not at the journeyman rate. On Local 130's published appendix C, a first-period apprentice draws a welfare contribution of $13.15 per hour against a journeyman's $18.15, and no pension and no pension defined-contribution at all. Pension contributions begin in year two at $7.00 per hour and only reach the journeyman's $12.00 in year four. On the NYC Local 1 schedule the gap is wider: a first-period apprentice's supplemental benefit rate is $5.43 per hour against a journeyman's $46.40. What is true is that the apprentice pays nothing toward these funds and carries no premium.
What does a first-year apprentice actually do?
First-year work is mostly assisting journeymen, pulling materials, cleaning up, learning to read plumbing drawings, learning tool handling and safety, basic pipefitting, soldering practice, and accumulating OJT hours under journeyman supervision. The apprentice does not typically pull permits, sign off on work, or work independently. Classroom instruction during year one covers plumbing code basics, safety fundamentals, math (drainage slope, pipe sizing, pressure drop calculations), and trade history. The work tempo is intentionally rampable: the program is designed for the apprentice to learn while contributing.
How does apprentice pay compare to college?
Taking the one Local that publishes a complete five-step ladder: a Plumbers Local 130 Chicago apprentice on the 2026-2027 appendix C rates earns about $45,800 in year one and about $96,700 in year five, roughly $348,900 in wages across the five years at 2,080 hours a year, with a further $303,900 of employer contributions paid into the welfare, pension and training funds on their behalf. Tuition is carried by the training fund, so the apprentice finishes with no course debt. A four-year student pays tuition and living costs across the same period and starts earning in year five. The apprenticeship is the stronger cash position over five years on these numbers. It is not a like-for-like lifetime comparison, and it depends on getting one of a small number of Local 130 apprentice places.
Can I switch states during my apprenticeship?
Within the UA Local system, yes, with some friction. UA Locals coordinate apprentice training nationally through the UA national office; an apprentice who needs to relocate can typically transfer between Locals with credit for OJT hours and classroom completion. The receiving Local has to have apprentice slots open to accept the transfer. Non-union apprentices generally have to re-start with a new contractor and may not get full credit for prior OJT hours, which is one of the structural advantages of the UA apprentice path.

Updated 2026-06-19